how to maintain soybean plants

INTRODUCTION
Dependence on imported soybean is very alarming, because we should be able to own insufficiency. This is because of low productivity and the increasing need for soybean. PT. Natural Nusantara trying to help in increasing the production in quantity, quality and environmental sustainability so that we can compete in the era of free markets.

GROWING CONDITIONS
Plants can grow on various types of soil from drainage (water system) and aeration (air conditioning) is quite good soil, rainfall 100-400 mm / month, the air temperature 230C - 300C, humidity 60% - 70%, soil pH 5.8 - 7 and a height of less than 600 m above sea level.

SOIL PROCESSING
- Land plowed, raked and leveled
- The remains of buried weed
- Create a water channel with a distance of about 3-4 m
- Land dikeringanginkan newly planted three weeks

- NASA POC fertilizer Pour the blended water evenly over the beds with a dose ± 1 bottle (500 cc) POC NASA diluted with enough water for every 1000 m² (10 bottles / ha). The results would be great if using SUPER NASA, how to use it as follows:
- Alternative 1: 1 bottle of SUPER NASA diluted in 3 liters of water used as mother liquor. Then every 50 liters of water were given 200 cc of the mother liquor was to flush the beds.
- Alternative 2: every one yells vol 10 lt given 1 tablespoon SUPER pressed NASA to flush the beds 5-10 meters.

PLANTING
- Soak the seeds in the NASA POC dose of 2 cc / liter for 0.5 hours and mixed Legin (Rhizobium) for land that has not been planted with soybeans
- Create tugalan spacing between measuring 30 x 20 cm, 25 x 25 cm or 20 x 20 cm
- Create a drill hole as deep as 5 cm and put 2-3 seeds per hole
- Cover the seed with loose soil and without compacted
- When planting a good end of the rainy season

Thinning & replanting
Soybeans began to grow approximately age 5-6 days, seeds do not grow to be replaced or embroidered with a new seed that would be better if mixed Legin. Stitching should be late afternoon.

Weeding
Weeding the first 2-3 weeks of age, to-2 at the time the plant is finished flowering (approximately 6 weeks after planting). Weeding to-2 was conducted in conjunction with fertilization to-2.

Pembubunan
Pembubunan done carefully and not too deep so as not to damage the plant roots. Injury to the roots will be a place a dangerous disease.

Fertilization
Examples of the type and dosage of fertilizer as follows:

NASA POC given 2 weeks since 2 weeks old plants, by spraying (4-8 caps POC NASA / tank).
NASA needs for maintenance of the total POC 1-2 bottles per 1000 m2 (10 - 20 bottles / ha). It would be nice if the use of POC NASA added HORMONIK (3-4 caps NASA POC HORMONIK + 1 cap / tank). At the time of flowering plants did not do the spraying, because it can interfere with pollination, will be more secure if it is splashed.

Irrigation and watering
Soybeans require moist soil conditions but not muddy. These conditions are necessary since the seeds are planted to the charging pod. Just before harvest, the soil should be dry.

PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT
1. Aphis glycine
Fleas can transmit the virus may SMV (Soyabean Mosaic Virus). Attacked in the early growth and the growth of flowers and pods. Symptoms: wilting, stunted growth. Control: (1) Do not planting host plants such as: eggplant-terungan, cotton-kapasan or beans, (2) dispose of infected plant parts and fuel, (3) use of natural enemies (predators and parasites), (4) Natural spray BVR or PESTONA done on the lower leaf surface.

2. Tembukur leaf beetle (Phaedonia inclusa)
Smallish, black yellow striped. Lay eggs on the leaf surface. Symptoms: The larvae and beetles eat the leaves, flowers, buds, young pods, and even entire plants. Control: spraying PESTONA

3. Caterpillars pods (Ettiela zinchenella)
Symptoms: the fruit contained a small hole. When the fruit is still green, pod change the exterior color, inside the pods are plump green caterpillars and their droppings. Control: (1) proper planting time.

4. Ladybug pods (Riptortis lincearis)
Symptoms: pods dark patches and become hollow.

5. Bean fly (Ophiomyia phaseoli)
Attacking the new young plants grow. Control: When the seed is planted, the land was given NASA POC, then after the seeds are planted, the ground covered with straw. One week after the seeds become sprouts spraying is done by PESTONA. Spraying was repeated at 1 month old soybeans.

6. Ladybug green (Nezara viridula)
The morning was above the leaves, when the sun shines down into the pod, pods and eat the spawn. Age ladybug from egg to adult is between 1 and 6 months. Symptoms: peas and beans deflate and dry. Seeds inside pods or mottled brown skin.

7. Grayak caterpillar (Spodoptera litura)
Symptoms: damage to leaves, caterpillars live in groups, eating leaves, and scatter search for another clump. Control: (1) by way of sanitation, (2) is sprayed in the afternoon / evening (when the caterpillars attack the crop) some Natural VITURA.

8. Bacterial wilt disease (Pseudomonas sp.)
Symptoms: sudden wilting when the humidity is too high and the spacing of the meeting. Control: wilt-resistant varieties, sanitation, gardens, and crop rotation.
Control: Providing Natural GLIO

9. Wilt disease (Mushroom soil: Sclerotium Rolfsii)
This disease attacks the plant aged 2-3 weeks, when the air is humid, and crop planting is short. Symptoms: leaves gradually wilt, turn yellow. Transmission through the soil and irrigation. Control; planting resistant varieties and Natural GLIO scatter in the early

10. Anthracnose (Colletotrichum glycine)
Symptoms: The leaves and pods of small spots black, the lowest leaves fall, the young pods are attacked by pests become empty and the contents of the old pods become stunted. Control: (1) note the exact pattern of cropping rotation, (2) Prevention at the beginning of the Natural GLIO

11.Penyakit rust (fungus Phakospora phachyrizi)
Symptoms: The leaf spots and brown spots appear. Control: (1) how to plant soybeans that are resistant to disease, (2) Natural spray GLIO + sugar

12. Stem rot (fungus Phytium Sp)
Symptoms: yellowing stems brown and wet, then rot and die. Control: (1) improve land drainage, (2) Natural Spread GLIO in early

HARVEST AND POST-HARVEST
- Apply when most of the leaves have yellowed, but not because of pests or diseases, then fall, the fruit begins to change color from green to golden brown and cracked, or pods already looked old, slightly yellow stem brown and bare.
- It should be noted, consumption of soy as an ingredient plucked at the age of 75-100 days, whereas for the seeds of life of 100-110 days, so that seed maturity really perfect and evenly.
- After voting is completed, the entire crop should be dried in the sun.
- Beans are already dry and then put in sacks and sold or stored.
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